3.2 Chemical equations

3. Nitrogen mono-oxide is a poisonous gas. You can make it harmless by mixing it with ammonia. A reaction occurs, creating water and nitrogen. Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

4. In the laboratory, hydrogen can be formed in a reaction between zinc and diluted hydrochloric acid (a hydrogen chloride solution), see figure 3.13. In addition to hydrogen, this reaction also produced zinc chloride (ZnCl2), which remains dissolved in water

a) Give the chemical equation of the formation of hydrogen mentioned above. Use all indications of the state.

In industry, hydrogen is produced in a different way. For exampke, butane reacts with steam (water vapour) at high temperature. This reaction produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen

b) Write the chemical equation of this reaction

5. Some layers of coal are so deep in the ground that it is not economically profitable to extract them through mining. This can however be done with the process of "Coal gasification". Hot steam (water vapour) and oxygen are introduced into the layers of coal through pipes where carbon reacts to "water gas". Water gas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide

a) Write the chemical equation of coal gasification

You can make alcohol from "water gas". This reaction also produces water.

b) Write the chemical equation for this production of alcohol

Alcohol can also be produced by fermenting glucose. This is a reaction with only glucuose as the reactant, inb which carbon dioxide is also formed.

c) Write the chemical equation of this fermentation